CSS scroll-driven animations

The CSS scroll-driven animations module provides functionality that builds on the CSS animations module and Web Animations API. It allows you to animate property values along a scroll-based timeline rather than the default time-based document timeline. This means that you can animate an element by scrolling the element, its scroll container, or its root element, rather than just by the passing of time.

Scroll-driven animations in action

You can define the scroller that controls the animation either by naming the animation or with the scroll() function.

<main>
  <div></div>
</main>

css

main {
  scroll-timeline: --main-timeline;
}

div {
  animation: background-animation linear;
  animation-timeline: scroll(nearest inline);
}

div::after {
  animation: shape-animation linear;
  animation-timeline: --main-timeline;
}

@layer animations {
  @keyframes background-animation {
    0% {
      background-color: palegoldenrod;
    }
    100% {
      background-color: magenta;
    }
  }
  @keyframes shape-animation {
    0% {
      left: 0;
      top: 0;
      background-color: black;
    }
    50% {
      top: calc(100% - var(--elSize));
      left: calc(50% - var(--elSize));
      background-color: red;
    }
    100% {
      left: calc(100vw - var(--elSize));
      top: 0;
      rotate: 1800deg;
      background-color: white;
    }
  }
}

@layer page-setup {
  :root {
    --elSize: 50px;
  }
  main {
    height: 90vh;
    overflow: scroll;
    border: 1px solid;
    margin: 5vh auto;
  }
  div {
    height: 400vh;
    width: 400vw;
  }
  div::after {
    content: "";
    border: 1px solid red;
    height: var(--elSize);
    width: var(--elSize);
    position: absolute;
    border-radius: 20px;
    corner-shape: superellipse(-4);
  }
}

@layer no-support {
  @supports not (scroll-timeline: --main-timeline) {
    body::before {
      content: "Your browser doesn't support scroll-driven animations.";
      background-color: wheat;
      display: block;
      text-align: center;
      padding: 1rem 0;
    }
  }
}

Scroll the element in the inline direction to see its background color change. Scroll it vertically to see the generated content move, spin, and change colors.

Reference

undefined

Properties

animation-range shorthand
- animation-range-end
- animation-range-start
scroll-timeline shorthand
- scroll-timeline-axis
- scroll-timeline-name
timeline-scope
view-timeline shorthand

Data types and values

Functions

Interfaces

Guides

Scroll-driven animation timelines: Scroll-driven animation timelines and creating scroll-driven animations.
Timeline range names: The <timeline-range-name> data type: Understanding the various timeline range names.
Insetting view progress timelines: Insetting the animation attachment ranges of scroll-driven animations.

Related concepts

CSS animations module
- animation-timeline
- @keyframes at-rule
- <keyframe-selector>
CSS overflow module
- Scroll container
- Scrollport
Web Animations API

Specifications

Scroll-driven Animations