`rotateX()` CSS function

The rotateX() CSS function defines a transformation that rotates an element around the x-axis (horizontal) without deforming it. Its result is a <transform-function> data type.

Try it

transform: rotateX(0);

transform: rotateX(45deg);

transform: rotateX(-0.2turn);

transform: rotateX(3.142rad);

<section id="default-example">
  <img
    class="transition-all"
    id="example-element"
    src="/shared-assets/images/examples/firefox-logo.svg"
    width="200" />
</section>

The axis of rotation passes through an origin, defined by the transform-origin CSS property.

Note: rotateX(a) is equivalent to rotate3d(1, 0, 0, a).

Note: Unlike rotations in the 2D plane, the composition of 3D rotations is usually not commutative. In other words, the order in which the rotations are applied impacts the result.

Syntax

css

rotateX(a)

Values

a: Is an <angle> representing the angle of the rotation. A positive angle denotes a clockwise rotation, a negative angle a counter-clockwise one.

Cartesian coordinates on ℝ^2	Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ^2	Cartesian coordinates on ℝ^3	Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ^3
This transformation applies to the 3D space and can't be represented on the plane.		$\left( \begin{array}{ccc} 1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & \cos(a) & -\sin(a) \\ 0 & \sin(a) & \cos(a) \end{array} \right)$	$\left( \begin{array}{cccc} 1 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & \cos(a) & -\sin(a) & 0 \\ 0 & \sin(a) & \cos(a) & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array} \right)$

Formal syntax

<rotateX()> = 
  rotateX( [ <angle> | <zero> ] )

Examples

undefined

HTML

html

<div>Normal</div>
<div class="rotated">Rotated</div>

CSS

css

div {
  width: 80px;
  height: 80px;
  background-color: skyblue;
}

.rotated {
  transform: rotateX(45deg);
  background-color: pink;
}

Result

Specifications

CSS Transforms Module Level 2

rotateX() CSS function